Character requirements
How character requirements apply and what to disclose in visa applications.
Overview
What this guide covers
All visa applicants must meet character requirements, including penal clearance certificates from countries where they have lived.
Criminal history, association with persons of concern, or past visa breaches must be declared truthfully.
Section 501 of the Migration Act allows refusal or cancellation on character grounds in serious cases.
Audience
Who this guide is for
Applicants with police certificates to obtain
People with prior criminal history or driving offences
Applicants unsure what to declare
Key information
At a glance
Declare all relevant history — failure to disclose is often worse than the offence itself
Police certificates are required from each country where you lived 12 months or more since turning 16
Certificates have validity periods — timing relative to lodgement matters
Minor offences may not prevent a visa but must still be declared
Character waivers exist in limited circumstances — strategy is fact-specific
Police certificates
Obtain certificates from the correct authority in each country. Processing times vary — start early.
If a country will not issue a certificate, document attempts and provide explanations supported by evidence.
What to declare
Answer all character questions on forms completely and honestly, including spent convictions where required.
Visa cancellations, unlawful status, or providing false documents are serious character concerns.
Avoid delays
Common mistakes
Issues we see often — and how structured preparation helps avoid them.
Not declaring old offences
Undisclosed history discovered later can lead to refusal and long-term visa consequences.
Expired police certificates
Ensure certificates are valid at lodgement per current policy.
Questions
Frequently asked questions
Services
Related visa services
Continue reading
Related resources
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